And while it is true that Ezra standardized the Aramaic-style script for the Torah, the language itself was entirely Hebrew, and the script change was intended to separate the returning Jewish people from the Samaritan's who earlier had co-opted the Jewish Torah by means of Assyrian relocation policies. This is why the portions of Ezra which record official correspondence are written in Aramaic. All rights reserved. Is it not anachronistic to talk about the Jews in Palestine and then in the next paragraph to talk about the language that Jesus spoke? Thank you, Change ). The translation was made from Hebrew and sometimes reflects Jewish exegetical traditions. As the Western Aramaic languages of the Levant and Lebanon have become nearly extinct in non-liturgical usage, the most prolific speakers of Aramaic dialects today are predominantly ethnic Assyrian Eastern Neo-Aramaic speakers, the most numerous being the Northeastern Neo-Aramaic speakers of Mesopotamia. I’m neither a Bible scholar nor a person who has a specific religion. There are 4 words for “love” in Greek, and 5 words for “sin”. However, the term אֱלָהּ שְׁמַיָּא (the God of heaven) occurs very frequently in Aramaic, much more than in Hebrew. Aramaic Language Aramaic text of the Behistun Inscription. However, first-century AD inscriptions in Palestine are almost exclusively in Aramaic (or Greek), and Aramaic is consistently used by Jesus, rather than Hebrew. (Mark 15:34). I would be so interested in your thoughts, Dr. Anderson! Download this stock image: 3D Flag of Syriac-Aramaic People. Jesus spoke Jewish Palestinian Aramaic. It is the liturgical language of the Syriac Orthodox Church, and is the mother tongue of some Syriac families and villages in Turkey. Two of the most prominent of these tribes were the Syrians to the northwest, and the Chaldeans to the southeast. It is also interesting that there are no Old Testament books written entirely in Aramaic. But it is not true that parts of the New Testament were originally written in Aramaic, as some have claimed. Thus, the parts of the Old Testament which were composed in Aramaic were written in that language as a result of the Babylonian captivity. It is noticeably different from both the Aramaic of Qumran and from first-century AD Jewish Palestinian Aramaic. Two of the most prominent of these tribes were the Syrians to the northwest, and the Chaldeans to the southeast. Although liberal scholars have long attempted to deny it, the Aramaic of both Daniel and Ezra is of the Imperial Aramaic dialect that would have been in use in the sixth century BC. The Greek of the New Testament was influenced by Aramaic, and so contains some Aramaic idioms and forms of expression, such as the phrase “answered and said.” Although the degree of Aramaic influence on the Greek of the New Testament has been a subject of much debate, it is fair to say that the style of New Testament Greek is Semiticized to one degree or another. Since the inspired text that we have is in Greek, it is best to just do exegesis from the Greek text, with an awareness of Aramaic influence or background. Many thanks, once again, for providing this valuable information above for all of us! I understand why the epistles would be written in Greek – for the Gospel was being shared with “the Greeks”. Both Aramaic and Hebrew are West Semitic languages. Therefore, Michael Weitzman has argued that it was created by nonrabbinic Jews who converted to Christianity. It just makes me feel sad to know that we’re not authentically studying the Bible in a translation that was made directly from the original. New Testament verses which include Aramaic words transliterated by Greek letters are: Matt 5:22; 27:46; Mark 5:41; 7:34; 10:51; 14:36; John 1:42; 20:16; Acts 9:36, 40; Rom 8:15; 1 Cor 16:22; Gal 4:6. We do not know the exact date or circumstances of the translation. Other scholars (among them Maori*) showed that this translation contains a distinct substratum of Jewish exegesis, especially in the Torah. Aramaic was only displaced by Arabic when the Muslims conquered the Middle East—though the language never died out completely, and is still spoken in pockets of Syria, Iraq, Iran, and Turkey. Most scholars place it in the first or second century CE.

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