basque sentence structure


It is not certain what the meaning of the verb ajutu might have been. hura 'yon (in the distance, not present)', haiek 'yon (in the distance, not present)', bera 'yonder (in the distance, not present)', beraiek 'yonder (in the distance, not present)'. The word order in (1b) is neutral. '[bone.PLURAL.ARTICLE dog.PLURAL.ARTICLE.ERGATIVE eat.IMPERFECT AUXILIARY]. Make sure to read the pronunciation and hear the audio as well. For the ways in which the spoken language differs from the written language, see Colloquial Finnish.

The causee phrase, emakumea 'the woman', receives dative case (ri). In main negative sentences, the inflected auxiliary must precede the main verb, as already shown in (22a). [emakumeak gizonari liburua ematea] nahi du umeak are used in negative contexts (and other negative-polarity contexts too). The subject gizona is marked for ergative case (morpheme k), the dative phrase is marked for dative case (morpheme i) and the object is marked for absolutive case (morpheme zero). So far, we have illustrated our discussion of word order, galdegaia and absent phrases using simple declarative sentences. Systematic exceptions apart, focus assignment (as defined in the preceding sections) is an obligatory feature of Basque clauses. It is designed to have a highly regular grammar, and as such is considered an easy language to learn. nor ez duzu ikusi? The affirmative use of ba- (not to confused with the homophonous subordinating prefix meaning 'if') is normally used with synthetic finite forms, thus also John badatorcode: eus promoted to code: eu or Badator John 'John is coming' (as opposed to John datorcode: eus promoted to code: eu 'John is coming'), Badu dirua (or in western Basque Badauka dirua) 'She has money'. The Basque grammar allows you to manipulate the vocabulary to obtain multiple forms of a word. You can also simply click on one of the links below or go back to our Learn Basque homepage. Hezurrak jaten dituzte txakurrekcode: eus promoted to code: eu , roughly 'They eat bones, dogs'; so also Ez dakit, nikcode: eus promoted to code: eu 'I don't know', where nikcode: eus promoted to code: eu is no doubt a topic of sorts since if it weren't there would be no need to mention it at all (unmarked: Ez dakitcode: eus promoted to code: eu ). To place a compound verb form (or its affirmation) in focus, it may be enough to place the main sentence stress (which normally goes on the focused item) on the first component of the verbal compound expression.
', which triggers neutral word order in the sentence, because the entire sentence is informationally relevant in this case. Sentences like this unambiguously emphasize the verb itself. There are certain exceptions to the general focus rule: "Heavy" constituents may be placed after an unfocused verb even when they are (pragmatically) focused. where the phrase answering the question immediately precedes the negated auxiliary. 'Houses are sold' Basque is sometimes called an SOV (i.e. Note that the agreement pattern of the auxiliary verb changes accordingly, to reflect the presence of a dative phrase.
In general, this is the only restriction in the variation of the order of phrases in matrix declarative sentences.

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