On Monday, Suga sounded cautious, saying his priorities were to end the coronavirus outbreak and revive the economy. But that would become difficult if a second wave of coronavirus infections hits the country around that time. Urban districts in the House of Representatives were increased by five in 1964, bringing nineteen new representatives to the lower house; in 1975 six more urban districts were established, with a total of twenty new representatives allocated to them and to other urban districts. Aso, now finance minister, said on Tuesday an early election should be considered because the Olympic Games will be held in Japan next year. The designated prime minister must still be ceremonially appointed by the Emperor in the Imperial Investiture (親任式, Shinnin-shiki) to enter office; but unlike some heads of state, the Emperor has no reserve power to appoint anyone other than the person elected by the Diet.

“I don’t think at all that the Lower House will be dissolved by year-end.”. “There’s only a year left, so the timing of when to dissolve the lower house is a vexing problem,” Suga told a news conference after a landslide victory in the party vote. Iwate Prefecture, Miyagi Prefecture and Fukushima Prefecture are no longer on the unified election cycle due to the 2011 Tohoku earthquake and tsunami, which delayed their elections. Voter surveys measuring Suga’s popularity after he takes office on Wednesday could guide the decision.

The Japanese political process has three types of elections: general elections to the House of Representatives held every four years, elections to the House of Councillors held every three years to choose half of its members, and local elections held every four years for offices in prefectures and municipalities. Each voter votes twice, once for a candidate in the local constituency, and once for a party in the regional "block" constituency. [8], The October 27 by-election in Saitama to fill the vacancy created by Motohiro Ōno's (DPFP) resignation was won by previous governor and former DPJ House of Representatives member Kiyoshi Ueda who had been an independent since his move from national to prefectural politics in 2003.
The Abe administration was once so powerful he was called “the sole winner,” but the political landscape has changed greatly. ): Votes in national and most local elections are cast by writing the candidate's or party's name on a blank ballot paper. In the early 1980s, as many as five times the votes were needed to elect a representative from an urban district compared with those needed for a rural district. But in the proportional vote for the House of Councillors votes are cast for a party list (to determine how many proportional seats a party receives) or a candidate (which additionally influences which candidates are elected from a party's list).[36]. Even when the current constitution took effect in 1947, the first House of Councillors election was held several days apart from the 23rd House of Representatives election. It won a majority of the popular vote in House of Representatives general elections until the 1960s. The 1993 reform government under Hosokawa Morihiro introduce a new electoral system whereby 200 members (reduced to 180 beginning with the 2000 election) are elected by proportional representation in multi-member districts or "blocs" while 300 are elected from single-candidate districts. [6][better source needed]. Some speculate that such comments are intended to keep LDP members united, at a time when the administration faces strong headwinds over a spate of problems — including its allegedly sloppy response to the novel coronavirus crisis, and political issues such as the recent arrests of former Justice Minister Katsuyuki Kawai and his wife, Anri, in an election campaign scandal. The following table lists the 10 electoral districts with the highest and lowest number of registered voters per member elected for each chamber of the National Diet according to the voter statistics as of September 2016 released by the Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications – it takes into account the lowering of the voting age and the district reforms to both houses of the Diet in effect since the 2014 and 2016 elections, but not the 2017 redistricting/reapportionment effective from the next House of Representatives election. The single-seat constituencies are decided by plurality, and the proportional seats are handed out in each "block" constituency to party lists proportionally (by the D'Hondt method) to their share of the vote. A dozen years ago, Taro Aso was expected to call a snap election soon after taking office as premier, while his ratings were relatively high. Upcoming elections due to expiring terms (additional early elections may be caused by resignations, deaths, votes of no confidence, dissolutions, recalls etc. The reform is planned to be implemented after the 2020 census figures are available and not expected to take effect before 2022. After the 1986 change, the average number of persons per lower house representative was 236,424.
The preference votes strictly determined the ranking of candidates on party lists before 2019.

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