As long as what you ended up saying doesn't sound like a plain old "n" ("ni-yup") but instead sounds like the end of "thing" ("ngy-yup"), you've got it. When they finish speaking such syllables, Thais will instantly and completely close off the flow of air. This is a case where all pronunciation guides fail you, because the important distinction between the two sounds is not captured by any English letters that you can write at the beginning of an English word. As an English speaker, you're probably tempted to pronounce "th" like thin or this. If you see a "Details" link in the left column, it means the English example word is not sufficient to teach you the sound: click the link to get the full story!

Let's untangle this mess and see how we're actually supposed to pronounce these two sounds (regardless of how they're written!). Choose your Thai font and font size and we will remember your setting and instantly apply it to all pages on slice-of-thai.com. Middle Class an example of an English word that also contains that consonant sound, with the relevant part of the English word underlined. quiet). In Thai, the rule is that every word must start with a consonant, so the Thais invented a consonant called อ [ɔɔ-àang, ɔɔ-àang, ออM-อ่างL, aawM-aangL, aw-àhng, ˈʔɔɔ ˈʔàaŋ, ˈʔɔː ˈʔàːŋ, ʿǭM-ʿāŋL, ˈor ˈàhng, aw-àang, or-àang, o-àng] that means "there is no consonant at the start of this word."

Raw! Next time we will continue learning the Thai alphabets ith the Low Class Consonants. The above consonant mergers and tone splits account for the complex relationship between spelling and sound in modern Thai.

Say the word "judge" or "church" and feel the way in which your tongue makes contact with the roof of your mouth, just before making the "j" or "ch" sounds. Your natural instinct as an English speaker will be to convert "ng" to "n" just at the instant it starts being at the start of a word, but try to fight back that instinct and instead focus on extracting the เงียบ [ngîiap, ngîap, เงียบF, ngiiapF, ngêeap, ˈŋîap, ˈŋîːap, ngīapF, ˈngêe-ap, ngîap, ngîap, ngîap] sound from the phrase. If the player is playing (the seconds are counting up and the bar is making its way to the right) but you still don't hear any sound, you need to adjust the volume on your computer.

We distinguish between mid, high and low consonants. The [bp, bp, ป, bp, pb, p, p, p, bp, p, bp, p], [b, b, บ, b, b, b, b, b, b, b, b, b], and [p, p, ผ/พ, ph, p, ph, pʰ, ph, p, ph, p, ph] sounds differ in terms of voicing and aspiration, as you can see on the chart above. First of all, in all the various pronunciation guide systems, if you see a "g," it is never the hard "g" like giraffe. On the spectrogram, aspiration (or any noisy, windy sound) appears as a blue fuzz stretching from the bottom of the diagram to the top. If you listen to Thai native speakers you will often hear these sounds as a clue that they are saying [bp, bp, ป, bp, pb, p, p, p, bp, p, bp, p] rather than [b, b, บ, b, b, b, b, b, b, b, b, b] or [p, p, ผ/พ, ph, p, ph, pʰ, ph, p, ph, p, ph]. is the same sound repeated 4 times, she may be correct according to the phonemic rules of her language—she may be using some distinction that I, as a native English speaker, cannot hear. If you can't hear this initial sound, don't worry about it; you can also listen for the "mouth filling up" sound of [b, b, บ, b, b, b, b, b, b, b, b, b] and the aspiration of [p, p, ผ/พ, ph, p, ph, pʰ, ph, p, ph, p, ph]. The tongue is not domed and it touches the roof of your mouth at one little spot further forward, nearer to where you make a "t" sound. At first, you probably won't notice any difference between the first two, [bp, bp, ป, bp, pb, p, p, p, bp, p, bp, p] and [b, b, บ, b, b, b, b, b, b, b, b, b], because in English there is no "important" difference. Important: Certain Thai consonants differ from English consonants in subtle but important ways that cannot be expressed by English spelling. Here's a spectrogram and sound clip of the [bp, bp, ป, bp, pb, p, p, p, bp, p, bp, p], [b, b, บ, b, b, b, b, b, b, b, b, b], and [p, p, ผ/พ, ph, p, ph, pʰ, ph, p, ph, p, ph] sounds. A spectrogram plots that silly sound over time like this: Click the play button Here is a very exaggerated example which splits the two parts of a [b, b, บ, b, b, b, b, b, b, b, b, b] (fill up mouth while voicing, open mouth and continue voicing) then joins them into a [b, b, บ, b, b, b, b, b, b, b, b, b]: The "fill up mouth" part of a [b, b, บ, b, b, b, b, b, b, b, b, b] is the sound you make when you're joking that you're about to throw up and you're trying to hold it back (or, when you're not joking). For example, look at the Thai spelling of the two words

First, with your vocal cords not voicing, let your tongue go to let air flow out, simultaneously constricting your throat a tiny bit so you get the windy "h" sound of a sigh. On the spectrogram, especially in the higher harmonics, you can see the pitch jump up at first then return to the normal pitch for the syllable. In Thai, you never have this extra puff of air on any word (or syllable) that ends with a consonant. Notice how this blue fuzz has no particular pitch: this is because your vocal cords are not voicing, and the sound is simply a wash of noise.

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