Prominent peaks include Cavern Peak, at 659 m or 2,162 ft; Mount Raynal, at 635 m or 2,083 ft; Mount D'Urville, at 630 m or 2,067 ft; Mount Easton, at 610 m or 2,001 ft; and the Tower of Babel, at 550 m or 1,804 ft.[3], The southern end of the island broadens to a width of 26 kilometres (16 mi), encompassing Carnley Harbour. The story of Tama Rereti tells of a group of chiefs and tohunga who were the first to venture into the southern ocean, searching for the Aurora Australis. There is also an abundance of albatrosses, penguins and petrels. [citation needed]. [20], DNA analysis suggests that mice—Mus musculus—did not colonise Auckland Island from a New Zealand population but instead arrived with whalers or sealers from North America. Auckland Island is the main island in the group. The Auckland Islands have the richest flora of the five island groups. The Auckland Islands are made up of the remains of two ancient volcanoes which have been subsequently cut by glaciers. Auckland Islands, outlying island group of New Zealand, in the South Pacific Ocean, 290 miles (467 km) south of South Island. The islands were fatal for shipping, with nine wrecks recorded: Rifleman (1833), Grafton, Invercauld (1864), General Grant (1866), Derry Castle (1887), Compadre (1891), Stoneleigh or Mary Alice (1895), Anjou (1905), Dundonald (1907). The islands also boast an endemic genus and species of weta, Dendroplectron aucklandensis. [34], There is archaeological evidence that the Auckland Islands were briefly settled and abandoned by Polynesians around 600–700 years ago. As well as having a wide variety of plants and wildlife they also have a rich human history. Traditions include stories of expeditions to the Auckland Islands to gather food and other natural resources, by Waitaha, Kāti Māmoe and Ngāi Tahu in succession. The island is made of volcanic scoria, blanketed in over 2m of peat. The islands were reserved for conservation as leases expired or were cancelled. To enter these islands and surrounding waters you need to consult with DOC and obtain the relevant permits. [22] They severely deplete invertebrate populations, reduce the seedbank, eat seedlings & plants and compete with birds for food resources. The Auckland Islands Marine Mammal Sanctuary was established in 1993. Biodiversity inventory and monitoring toolbox, Auckland Islands - Motu Maha Marine Reserve. At the western side a very narrow channel known as Victoria Passage separates the main island from the smaller Adams Island. [4] Adams Island and the southern part of the main island form the crater rim three kilometres (1.9 mi) north of Carnley Harbour's mouth lies Cape Lovitt, the westernmost point of New Zealand. [2] It is notable for its steep cliffs and rugged terrain, which rises to over 600 m (1,969 ft). An investigation in 1999 into the fate of the translocated animals in New Zealand found that the breed had become extinct.
The pigs were intended as a food source for shipwreck survivors and sealers.

From 1942 scientists joined the lookout parties. The Auckland Islands are the largest of New Zealand’s subantarctic islands with the richest flora, the largest number of subantarctic invertebrates and some of the rarest birds on earth.

Extreme latitude, safe harbours, magnetic anomalies, flora and fauna, and geographic position have attracted scientists. 196 native species have been recorded. 80% of the total population live and breed in the archipelago. New Zealand is a remote land—one of the last sizable territories suitable for habitation to be populated and settled—and lies more than 1,000 miles (1,600 km) southeast of Australia, its nearest…, Pacific Ocean, body of salt water extending from the Antarctic region in the south to the Arctic in the north and lying between the continents of Asia and Australia on the west and North and South America on the east. The soft tree fern also grows on the Auckland Islands – the most southern habitat for a tree fern. The remains of two ancient volcanoes which have been subsequently cut by glaciers, Auckland Island boasts staggering cliffs on the west and quaint fjords to the east.

[27] Browsing by goats caused significant damage to lowland tussock Chinochloa antarctica in particular. By the 21st century the Auckland Islands had become the primary breeding location of the New Zealand sea lion. [12] Of these only shags are currently breeding on main Auckland Island, in areas where introduced cats and pigs cannot access their nests. The Auckland Island merganser Mergus australis went extinct in 1902.

Dr Francis Monkton was first to stock a lease (1873), followed by John Moffett (1894) and George Fleming (1900). Volcanic in origin, they comprise six islands and several islets, with a total land area of 234 square miles (606 square km), and have a cool, humid, and windy climate. [31], Oleria lyalli is a tree asterad native to New Zealand which may have arrived with humans in the 19th century. [29]Coordinates: 50°41′S 166°05′E / 50.69°S 166.08°E / -50.69; 166.08, Pigs—Sus scrofa—were first introduced at Port Ross in the north of Auckland Island in 1807 by Captain Abraham Bristow and several further liberations occurred in the 19th century.

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